Evaluation of the Dietary Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (Hermetia illucens) on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Disease Resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus of the Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

The present study evaluated the effects of dietary black soldier fly larvae meal (BSF) on growth performance, intestinal health, and susceptibility to Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei . basal diet was formulated contain 25% fish (FM), then FM replaced with BSF for 10, 20, 30% protein experimental diets, which are referred as FM, BSF10, BSF20, BSF30, respectively. Four hundred eighty healthy uniform-sized (~0.88 g) were distributed among four groups three replicates, each 40 a 300-L tank they fed times daily 7 weeks. results showed that performance did not change significantly BSF10 BSF20 but decreased those BSF30 compared ones diet. After feeding trial sampling, V. infection challenge conducted shrimp. survival rate higher than FM. midgut histology width height mucosal folds early signs apoptosis cells found BSF30. mRNA levels non-specific immune-related genes dorsal relish downregulated diets. antimicrobial peptides–related alf (anti-lipopolysaccharide factor) upregulated level pen3 (penaeidins 3) bacterial communities operational taxonomic unit differentiated according beta diversity analysis. At genus levels, decrease Vibrio, Photobacterium , Candidatus_Bacilloplasma well increase Bacillus Pseudoalteromonas abundance, indicated improvement microbiota BSF. Therefore, use should be controlled at dosage 20% can improve without causing any negative effects.